@article { author = {Kashif, Mohammad and Sridharan, P. and Thiyagarajan, S.}, title = {An Empirical Analysis of China’s International Reserves Demand Function}, journal = {Management Studies and Economic Systems}, volume = {3}, number = {1}, pages = {1-10}, year = {2016}, publisher = {ZARSMI}, issn = {2408-9583}, eissn = {2313-5166}, doi = {}, abstract = {The study aims to estimate an international reserves demand model for China using economic growth, propensity to import, real effective exchange rate and trade openness variables for quarterly period spanning from 1985Q1 to 2014Q4.The bounds testing technique to cointegration is used to test for a long run relationship, while the autoregressive distributed lag approach is used to estimate short run and long run coefficients. The bounds F-test critical values generated by Pesaran et al. (2001) are used for comparison.A long run cointegration relationship is found among the variables when international reserves demand is the dependent variable; and international reserves demand to be significant at conventional levels with respect to propensity to import and trade openness only in the long run. The error correction term is found negative and statistically significant in the short run. }, keywords = {China,ARDL approach,Bounds testing,International Reserves}, url = {https://www.msaes.org/article_40988.html}, eprint = {https://www.msaes.org/article_40988_fff6b02e2414098df9afc63f523d3986.pdf} } @article { author = {Lingappan, Dhamodaran}, title = {Kaizen Performance in an Engineering Industry in India: A Case Study}, journal = {Management Studies and Economic Systems}, volume = {3}, number = {1}, pages = {11-21}, year = {2016}, publisher = {ZARSMI}, issn = {2408-9583}, eissn = {2313-5166}, doi = {}, abstract = {Thousands of small and medium scale industries are present in India. All are facing certain problems resulting in shortage of production and quality issues. This case study deals with the kaizen implementation in an industry in an assembly line in India that manufactures front and rear axle for heavy and medium vehicles. Kaizen technique has tremendous effect on operations of a firm, including design, distribution, marketing etc. and thus all level of a firm’s management. A case study is presented to motivate practitioners to implement in small & medium scale Industries.}, keywords = {Kaizen performance,TPM,JIT,TQM}, url = {https://www.msaes.org/article_40989.html}, eprint = {https://www.msaes.org/article_40989_9902bd9cea64a3700ef4f2688b54c03c.pdf} } @article { author = {Nnaji-Ihedinmah, Nnadozie and Ugwu, Kelechi E}, title = {Evaluating Occupational Health and Safety Management in Selected Plastics Manufacturing Organizations in Awka Metropolis Nigeria}, journal = {Management Studies and Economic Systems}, volume = {3}, number = {1}, pages = {23-33}, year = {2016}, publisher = {ZARSMI}, issn = {2408-9583}, eissn = {2313-5166}, doi = {}, abstract = {The concept of Occupational Health and Safety Management (OHSM) involves the identification of hazards and risks in the workplace and the definition of the rights, roles and responsibilities of stakeholders in the implementation of control and or preventive measures. The study identifies 5 different classes of hazards to include – chemical, biological, physical, ergonomic and psychosocial hazards. The study also identified effective safety and Health committees and Health and safety promotion, Education and training as key ingredients to effective implementation of OHSM. A survey method was adopted while a structured questionnaire was deployed in the collection of data. The population of the study is 221. Chi-square and descriptive statistics were used in analyzing the data. The results of the study show that the level of awareness of occupational health and safety management among employees in the plastic industry is high. Also, that the level of implementation of occupational health and safety management in the plastics industry is high.}, keywords = {Occupational health and safety,Occupational hazards,Plastics industry,Health and Safety Management,Health and Safety Committee}, url = {https://www.msaes.org/article_40990.html}, eprint = {https://www.msaes.org/article_40990_e29f5d1779bbb7c96f53079d1bc16683.pdf} } @article { author = {Belay, Getahun and Mamo, Aynalem Abayneh}, title = {Manager’s Resistance to Organizational Change: Lesson from Ethiopian Commercial Banking Sector}, journal = {Management Studies and Economic Systems}, volume = {3}, number = {1}, pages = {35-46}, year = {2016}, publisher = {ZARSMI}, issn = {2408-9583}, eissn = {2313-5166}, doi = {}, abstract = {The thinking and the practice of managing resistance to change is usually associated with change recipient’s psychological set up. In most cases, employees are either implicitly or explicitly considered as the prime source of resistance. Exploring the initiation and implementation of organizational change in Ethiopian commercial banks, this research found out that resistance to change does not have a single source – employees. Multiple cases of strategic organizational change initiatives in Ethiopian banks revealed relatively uncommon notion of “manager’s resistance” to organizational changes and different manifestations of it. In addition to resistant managers, there were also situations where organizational owners do not support change initiatives that are believed to improve organizational performance; not because they are in doubt about the need for such changes, but they simply do not care. This explorative work intends to bring the idea of reconsidering the normatively assumed source of resistance to the attention of scholars. Adding this notion to the repertoire of attributes of resistance to change in the existing body of knowledge could initiate debate on the validity of this new perspective and on the possibility of realizing less resisted changes in organizations. }, keywords = {Manager’s resistance,Resistance to change,Source of initiative,Source of resistance}, url = {https://www.msaes.org/article_40991.html}, eprint = {https://www.msaes.org/article_40991_ec7490b730fa13f4b9936737a26306b7.pdf} } @article { author = {Dalu, Tapiwa and Dalu, Ruvimbo Gillian and Matibiri, Tatenda Archibald and Makomeke, Patience Chido}, title = {Effectiveness of Removal in Transit System in Zimbabwe – A Case of Beitbridge and Forbes Border Posts}, journal = {Management Studies and Economic Systems}, volume = {3}, number = {1}, pages = {47-58}, year = {2016}, publisher = {ZARSMI}, issn = {2408-9583}, eissn = {2313-5166}, doi = {}, abstract = {The paper set out to investigate the effectiveness of the removals in transit (RIT) system in facilitating trade. The study wanted to establish whether the Removals in Transit system currently being used in Zimbabwe is effective enough, that is whether acquittals of entries are being done in the system properly or fraudulently. A sample size of 200 Zimbabwe Revenue Authority (ZIMRA) employees and clearing agents from Forbes Border post and Mutare town office was used to gather information through questionnaires and personal interviews. The research findings were that the system that is being used in the management of removals in transit is good as a system but however it lacked some other controls and measures to make it effective in combating transit fraud. The system shows outstanding entries but there is no mechanism in place to make follow up on these outstanding entries or to alert authorities (Zimbabwe Revenue Authority) in time of any abuses of the systems. The study therefore recommends the use of modern electronic seals that are linked to the central computer system, electronic tracking system, use of scanners or barcode readers in capturing acquittals from barcodes on the goods into the Automated System for Customs Data (ASYCUDA) system, and reduce interaction between importers/agents and ZIMRA officials in the processing of import documents.}, keywords = {ASYCUDA,Removal in transit,Forbes,Zimbabwe Revenue Authority (ZIMRA),Acquital}, url = {https://www.msaes.org/article_40992.html}, eprint = {https://www.msaes.org/article_40992_d74c0510ba6ac23358555efe25879e85.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdulrazzak Doughan, Youssef}, title = {Sustainability in Arab Countries: An Investigation of the Relationship Between Economic Development and Energy Consumption}, journal = {Management Studies and Economic Systems}, volume = {3}, number = {1}, pages = {45-60}, year = {2016}, publisher = {ZARSMI}, issn = {2408-9583}, eissn = {2313-5166}, doi = {}, abstract = {Sustainability in 19 different Arab countries has been studied through investigating the relationship between economic development and energy consumption. Data collected has been studied as a whole (Total countries data) and as segregated data (Oil exporting and Oil importing countries data) i.e. three categories. The regression model used measures the effect of independent and control variables i.e. [GDP/capita, dummy variables, interaction of dummy variables with GDP, GDPPC2, Government Health Expenditure (% of GDP), Manufacturing Exports (% merchant exports), Export (% GDP) and Polity2] on energy intensity of human wellbeing (EIWB) (dependent variable). These independent and control variables when analyzed have shown different coefficients signs (positive/negative) and different significant/non-significant values based on what category has been understudy. Results showed that Economic development has impacted EIWB significantly and positively (1995–2013) for total countries data and oil exporting countries; but not for oil importing ones. Second, GDPPC squared had the same result trend as that of the preceding point in terms of signage and significance. Third, GDP/capita and GDPPC squared results also has led to the conclusion that total countries data and oil exporting countries data support the environmental Kuznets curve trajectory; while oil importing countries do not. Finally, control variables, dummy variables and interaction, have shown different results within the three categories under study; these results ranged from significant to insignificant and from positively to negatively related ones. Hence, these results propose that there could be significant heterogeneity across countries in their routes in the direction of or away from sustainability.}, keywords = {Economic Development,Sustainability,EIWB,energy consumption,Environmental Kuznets Curve}, url = {https://www.msaes.org/article_43376.html}, eprint = {https://www.msaes.org/article_43376_207ed38e96fa6767e50705f2488acdb6.pdf} }